MAINTAINING ORDER AND PROTECTING THE COMMUNITY
The role of the police dates back to ancient times, long before the creation of specialized bodies as we know them today. The function of maintaining order and enforcing rules in a community is an activity that has existed for thousands of years.
In ancient China, during the Spring and Autumn period, there were prefects in charge of civil administration and law within their jurisdictions. These prefects and subprefects played roles similar to modern detectives and could be either men or women (Wikipedia). In ancient Babylon, law and order were maintained by officials called paqūdus, who were responsible for investigating minor crimes and making arrests.
In Egypt, around 3000 B.C., there was a primitive police organization. The pharaoh appointed an official responsible for justice and security in each of the 42 jurisdictions of the empire. These officials were assisted by a chief of police known as "sab heri seker" or "chief of the hitters."
The modern concept of police, however, has its roots in the 19th century. In 1829, Sir Robert Peel founded the Metropolitan Police in London, establishing fundamental principles that are still essential for today's police, such as crime prevention and the need to gain public support to be effective.
In the United States, the first professional police force was established in Boston in 1838, followed by New York and other major cities. These bodies were created in response to the growing needs to maintain order in increasingly complex urban societies.
The evolution of the police has been a continuous process, adapting to social and technological changes over the centuries, but its historical roots show a clear continuity in the function of maintaining order and protecting the community.

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